The AI buildout — capex, clouds & data centers
Tracking the capital pouring into AI infrastructure across 88 AI & data-center companies — hyperscalers, GPU clouds (neoclouds), AI labs, and the data-center operators, power, and cooling behind them. Combined tracked AI-infrastructure capex: $418.9B.
Biggest AI capex spenders
- Amazon (Annapurna Labs) — $131.8B capex
- Alphabet (Google) — $91.4B capex
- Meta Platforms — $69.7B capex
- Microsoft — $64.6B capex
- Oracle — $21.2B capex
- CoreWeave — $10.3B capex
- Equinix — $4.3B capex
- Nebius Group — $4.1B capex
- Dell Technologies — $2.6B capex
- Hewlett Packard Enterprise — $2.3B capex
- Iron Mountain — $2.3B capex
- Baidu — $1.7B capex
- American Tower — $1.7B capex
- Galaxy Digital — $1.2B capex
- 21Vianet — $1.1B capex
- IBM — $1.1B capex
- TeraWulf — $1.1B capex
- Eaton — $919M capex
- Cisco Systems — $905M capex
- Core Scientific — $729M capex
AI & data-center companies
- Alphabet (Google) — Designs TPU AI accelerators and Tensor phone SoCs for internal use.
- Amazon (Annapurna Labs) — Designs Graviton CPUs and Trainium AI chips for AWS via Annapurna Labs.
- Microsoft — Designs Maia AI accelerators and Cobalt server CPUs for Azure.
- Meta Platforms — Designs MTIA inference accelerators for its own data centers.
- CoreWeave — Largest pure-play GPU cloud (neocloud) renting NVIDIA capacity for AI.
- Nebius Group — AI-focused GPU cloud spun out of Yandex; full-stack neocloud.
- Lambda — GPU cloud and AI workstation provider for training and inference.
- Crusoe Energy — Energy-first AI cloud building power-colocated GPU data centers.
- Together AI — GPU cloud and inference platform for open models.
- VAST Data — AI data platform and storage software for large GPU clusters.
- Oracle — Enterprise software giant; OCI is a fast-growing AI cloud renting GPUs.
- IBM — Enterprise computing and cloud; designs its own Power and Telum chips.
- OpenAI — Leading AI lab (ChatGPT); designing custom inference silicon with Broadcom.
- Anthropic — AI safety lab building the Claude models; runs on TPUs, Trainium, and GPUs.
- xAI — Elon Musk's AI lab (Grok); operates the Colossus GPU supercluster.
- Mistral AI — European AI lab building open-weight foundation models.
- Equinix — World's largest data-center and interconnection REIT.
- Digital Realty — Global data-center REIT; major hyperscale and AI capacity provider.
- Vertiv — Leading data-center power and liquid-cooling systems maker.
- Eaton — Electrical power management and data-center power infrastructure.
- Schneider Electric — Energy management and data-center power/cooling infrastructure.
- Super Micro Computer — AI server and liquid-cooled rack systems builder.
- Arista Networks — High-speed data-center switching for AI back-end networks.
- Cisco Systems — Networking giant supplying AI data-center switching and silicon.
- Dell Technologies — Top AI server and infrastructure systems integrator.
- Hewlett Packard Enterprise — Enterprise servers, HPC, and AI systems (incl. Cray).
- Pure Storage — All-flash storage systems for AI and enterprise data centers.
- Baidu — Chinese AI and cloud leader; designs Kunlun AI accelerators.
- Alibaba Group — Chinese cloud leader; T-Head designs Yitian CPUs and Hanguang AI chips.
- Tencent — Chinese internet and cloud giant developing in-house AI silicon.
- Ciena — Optical networking and coherent transport for data-center interconnect.
- Juniper Networks — Networking systems and AI-driven data-center switching and routing.
- Delta Electronics — Power supplies, cooling, and power management for data centers and EVs.
- Lite-On Technology — Power supplies and optoelectronics for servers and electronics.
- nVent Electrical — Electrical connection, protection, and liquid-cooling enclosures.
- Munters Group — Air treatment and data-center cooling systems.
- Asetek — Liquid-cooling technology for high-performance computing.
- GDS Holdings — Leading Chinese data-center developer and operator.
- Celestica — EMS/ODM supplier of data-center hardware and AI systems.
- Cohere — Enterprise large-language-model developer.
- Perplexity AI — AI-powered answer engine and search company.
- Hugging Face — Open-source AI model hub and machine-learning platform.
- Scale AI — Data-labeling and AI infrastructure for model training.
- NEXTDC — Australian hyperscale data-center operator.
- Iron Mountain — Records-management REIT with a fast-growing data-center business.
- NTT — Japanese telecom giant; NTT Global Data Centers is a top-five operator.
- American Tower — Communications-infrastructure REIT; owns CoreSite data centers.
- Keppel DC REIT — Asia-Pacific data-center REIT.
- DigitalBridge — Digital-infrastructure investment manager owning DC and tower platforms.
- 21Vianet — Chinese carrier-neutral data-center and cloud operator.
- Vantage Data Centers — Global hyperscale data-center developer and operator.
- Aligned Data Centers — Hyperscale data-center operator with adaptive liquid cooling.
- Switch — US hyperscale data-center operator (DigitalBridge/IFM owned).
- QTS Data Centers — US hyperscale data-center operator owned by Blackstone.
- CyrusOne — Global hyperscale data-center operator (KKR/GIP owned).
- CoreSite — US interconnection and colocation operator (American Tower).
- EdgeConneX — Global hyperscale and edge data-center developer.
- AirTrunk — Asia-Pacific hyperscale data-center operator (Blackstone owned).
- STACK Infrastructure — Global hyperscale data-center platform (IPI Partners).
- Compass Datacenters — US build-to-suit hyperscale data-center developer.
- DataBank — US enterprise colocation and edge data-center operator.
- Flexential — US colocation and hybrid-IT data-center operator.
- Cologix — North American interconnection and colocation operator.
- Yondr — Global hyperscale data-center developer and operator.
- Colt Data Centre Services — Hyperscale data-center operator across Europe and Asia.
- Global Switch — Large carrier-neutral data-center operator in Europe and Asia-Pacific.
- Chindata Group — Hyperscale data-center operator in China and emerging Asia (Bain Capital).
- Sify Technologies — Indian data-center, network, and cloud-services operator.
- Voltage Park — GPU cloud provider for AI training and inference.
- Fluidstack — GPU cloud aggregator for large-scale AI training.
- AI21 Labs — Israeli AI lab building enterprise language models.
- Nokia — Telecom and data-center networking systems and optical transport.
- Huawei — Chinese networking and cloud giant; Ascend AI accelerators via HiSilicon.
- ZTE — Chinese telecom-equipment maker; designs chips via its Sanechips unit.
- New H3C — Chinese networking, server, and AI-infrastructure provider.
- Applied Digital — AI data-center developer and GPU cloud (HPC hosting) provider.
- IREN — Builds and operates data centers for AI compute and bitcoin mining.
- Core Scientific — Data-center operator hosting HPC/AI (incl. CoreWeave) and bitcoin mining.
- TeraWulf — Operator of data centers for AI/HPC hosting and bitcoin mining.
- Cipher Mining — Data-center developer for HPC/AI and bitcoin mining.
- Hut 8 — Energy-infrastructure and data-center operator for AI/HPC and bitcoin.
- Bitdeer Technologies — Data-center operator and ASIC maker for AI/HPC and bitcoin mining.
- HIVE Digital Technologies — Data-center operator for AI/HPC (Buzz HPC) and bitcoin mining.
- Galaxy Digital — Crypto financial firm developing the Helios AI data-center campus.
- Soluna Holdings — Green data centers co-located with renewable power for AI/HPC.
- Bit Digital — GPU cloud (WhiteFiber) and digital-asset infrastructure operator.
- Nscale — AI GPU cloud and data-center operator.
- Sabey Data Centers — US hyperscale and enterprise data-center developer and operator.