Gallium in the semiconductor supply chain
Gallium is a semiconductor-critical mineral. In USGS data for 2024, China was the largest producer at 750,000 kg (~99% of world low-purity primary; export controls since Aug 2023) of a world total of 760,000 kg (low-purity primary, gallium content); the next producers were Russia, Japan and Korea, Rep. of. US net import reliance is 100% (of reported consumption).
Source: USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries, data year 2024 · figures rendered verbatim from USGS, no percentage imputed where USGS publishes only tonnage
- World production (2024)
- 760,000 kg (low-purity primary, gallium content)
- Largest producer
- China — 750,000 kg (~99% of world low-purity primary; export controls since Aug 2023)
- US net import reliance
- 100% (of reported consumption)
Who produces Gallium
| Producer | Share or amount (2024) |
|---|---|
| China | 750,000 kg (~99% of world low-purity primary; export controls since Aug 2023) |
| Russia | 6,000 kg |
| Japan | 3,000 kg |
| Korea, Rep. of | 3,000 kg |
Source: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2025/mcs2025-gallium.pdf
Why it matters downstream
Gallium sits at the top of the value chain. Materials suppliers consume it first, and every fab, packaging house and device maker below them depends on that supply holding. A producer holding most of world output is the same single-source shape wafergraph flags at the company level.
Cite as: wafergraph, “Gallium supply chain for semiconductors — producers, world output & US import reliance (2024)”, https://wafergraph.com/mineral/gallium/ (data as of USGS 2024).
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