OpenAI supply chain risk

As of 2026-09-05, OpenAI depends on 11 tracked suppliers headquartered in 3 countries (8 of them in the United States). 5 of those suppliers hold a monopoly or leader position in their own segment, led by NVIDIA, TSMC and Broadcom. OpenAI itself carries a supply-chain criticality score of 1/100, with 2 tracked companies downstream of it.

Data as of 2026-09-05 · suppliers are the curated key_supplier edges in the wafergraph dataset (researched or segment-inferred — see /methodology) · criticality is the graph-derived chokepoint score, 0–100

Dominant and single-source suppliers

  • NVIDIA — leader in GPU & AI Accelerators, United States criticality 81/100
  • TSMC — leader in Pure-Play Foundry, Taiwan criticality 81/100
  • Broadcom — leader in Networking Silicon, United States criticality 81/100
  • ASE Technology — leader in Outsourced Assembly & Test, Taiwan criticality 81/100
  • CoreWeave — leader in GPU Clouds (Neoclouds), United States criticality 81/100

A monopoly or leader supplier is the hardest to replace. These are the edges to watch first.

Suppliers by country

  • United States — 8 suppliers (73%)
  • Taiwan — 2 suppliers (18%)
  • Netherlands — 1 supplier (9%)

All 11 tracked suppliers

Downstream exposure

  • Criticality score: 1/100
  • Companies downstream of OpenAI: 2
  • Tracked market cap downstream (priced companies only): $4.67T across 1 priced companies

Cite as: wafergraph, “OpenAI supply chain risk — 11 suppliers, single-source exposure & criticality”, https://wafergraph.com/supply-chain-risk/openai (data as of 2026-09-05).

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